Drains are a critical component of any property’s plumbing system, ensuring wastewater is effectively removed.
However, over time, they can become damaged due to various factors, leading to blockages, leaks, or even complete system failure.
Understanding the common causes of drain damage and how to repair them is essential to maintaining a healthy drainage system.
Common Causes of Drain Damage
- Blockages from Debris
- Accumulation of grease, fat, hair, food particles, and other debris can cause blockages over time. These blockages not only restrict the flow of water but also create pressure within the pipes, leading to cracks or bursts.
- Tree Root Ingress
- Tree roots are naturally drawn to moisture and can penetrate even the smallest cracks in pipes. As the roots grow inside the pipes, they cause significant damage, leading to blockages and leaks.
- Aging Pipes
- Older drainage systems are often made from materials like clay or cast iron, which deteriorate over time. Corrosion, wear, and tear can weaken the pipes, making them prone to leaks or collapses.
- Ground Movement
- Shifts in the ground due to natural settling, earthquakes, or heavy construction nearby can put pressure on underground drainage systems, causing cracks or misalignments in the pipes.
- Improper Installation
- Poorly installed drains may not have the correct slope or alignment, leading to water pooling, inefficient drainage, or early wear and tear.
- Heavy Loads
- Drains located beneath driveways or roads can be damaged by heavy vehicles or construction equipment passing over them. This can lead to pipe collapse or cracking.
- Chemical Damage
- Harsh chemicals, including certain cleaning agents, can erode pipes, especially those made of plastic or weaker materials, over time.
Steps to Repair Damaged Drains
- Identify the Problem
- Use CCTV Drain Surveys: A professional inspection using cameras can identify the exact location and cause of the damage.
- Listen and Look for Signs: Gurgling sounds, slow drainage, foul smells, or visible damp patches in your yard or walls may indicate drain damage.
- Clear Blockages
- Use Drain Snakes or Augers: These tools can remove smaller blockages effectively.
- Jet Washing: High-pressure water jets can clear stubborn debris and tree roots from the pipes.
- Repair Cracks and Leaks
- Pipe Relining: This non-invasive method involves inserting a resin-coated liner into the damaged pipe. The liner hardens, forming a new pipe within the old one.
- Spot Repairs: Small cracks or leaks can be sealed using specialised resin or patching kits.
- Replace Damaged Sections
- If the damage is severe, replacing the affected section of the pipe may be necessary. This can involve traditional excavation or trenchless methods, depending on the severity and location.
- Address Tree Root Ingress
- Root Cutting: Use mechanical root cutters to remove the roots from the pipes.
- Preventative Measures: Install root barriers or use chemical treatments to prevent regrowth.
- Stabilise Surrounding Soil
- If ground movement is causing damage, stabilising the surrounding soil may help. This can involve compacting the soil or adding reinforcements like geogrids.
- Upgrade Old Pipes
- Replace outdated clay or metal pipes with modern PVC or HDPE pipes, which are more durable and resistant to corrosion.
- Prevent Recurring Issues
- Regular Maintenance: Schedule periodic inspections and cleaning to prevent debris buildup.
- Avoid Flushing Problematic Items: Educate household members to avoid flushing wipes, grease, or non-biodegradable materials down the drain.
- Install Drain Guards: These can catch debris before it enters the system.
When to Call a Professional
While some minor issues, such as small blockages, can be handled with DIY solutions, significant damage often requires the expertise of a professional drainage engineer.
Issues like collapsed pipes, extensive tree root ingress, or widespread leaks are best addressed by specialists with the right equipment and knowledge.